Overview In December 2024, compared with November 2024, seasonally adjusted industrial production decreased by 1.1% in the euro area and by 0.8% the EU, according to first estimates from Eurostat, the statistical office of the European Union. In November 2024, industrial production grew by 0.4% in the euro area and by 0.2% in the EU. In December 2024, compared with December 2023, industrial production decreased by 2.0% the euro area and by 1.7% in the EU. The annual average industrial production for the year 2024, compared with 2023, decreased by 1.7% in the euro area and by 2.0% in the EU. Monthly comparison by main industrial grouping and by Member State In the euro area in December 2024, compared with November 2024, industrial production decreased by 1.9% for intermediate goods, increased by 0.5% for energy, decreased by 2.6% for capital goods, decreased by 0.7% for durable consumer goods, increased by 5.1% for non-durable consumer goods. In the EU, industrial production decreased by 1.8% for intermediate goods, increased by 0.6% for energy, decreased by 2.0% for capital goods, decreased by 1.0% for durable consumer goods, increased by 5.2% for non-durable consumer goods. The largest monthly decreases were recorded in Belgium (-6.8%), Portugal (-4.4%) and Austria (-3.3%). The highest increases were observed in Ireland (+8.2%), Luxembourg (+6.7%) and Croatia (+6.3%). Annual comparison by main industrial grouping and by Member State In the euro area in December 2024, compared with December 2023, industrial production decreased by 2.4% for intermediate goods, increased by 0.5% for energy, decreased by 8.1% for capital goods, decreased by 2.2% for durable consumer goods, increased by 8.3% for non-durable consumer goods. In the EU, industrial production decreased by 2.3% for intermediate goods, increased by 0.6% for energy, decreased by 7.5% for capital goods, decreased by 1.8% for durable consumer goods, increased by 8.2% for non-durable consumer goods. The largest annual decreases were recorded in Austria (-9.5%), Italy (-7.1%) and Hungary (-6.4%). The highest increases were observed in Malta (+14.4%), Ireland (+10.1%) and Lithuania (+7.6%). Tables Industrial production % change compared with previous month* 2024 Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Euro area Total industry -0.7 1.2 -1.5 0.2 0.4 -1.1 Intermediate goods -0.3 0.0 -1.5 0.3 0.5 -1.9 Energy 0.1 0.3 -1.0 -1.2 2.1 0.5 Capital goods -1.2 3.0 -3.9 1.7 0.2 -2.6 Durable consumer goods -3.2 1.7 -0.4 -1.3 2.0 -0.7 Non-durable consumer goods 2.3 -0.4 2.3 -2.2 -0.2 5.1 EU Total industry -0.4 0.9 -1.4 0.5 0.2 -0.8 Intermediate goods -0.6 0.1 -1.2 0.5 0.4 -1.8 Energy 0.0 0.3 -1.2 -0.6 2.2 0.6 Capital goods -1.4 2.9 -3.2 1.6 -0.1 -2.0 Durable consumer goods -2.7 1.5 -0.6 -0.4 1.5 -1.0 Non-durable consumer goods 2.7 -1.0 1.1 -0.9 -0.3 5.2 * Calendar and seasonally adjusted Source dataset: sts_inpr_m Industrial production % change compared with previous month* 2024 Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Euro area -0.7 1.2 -1.5 0.2 0.4 -1.1 EU -0.4 0.9 -1.4 0.5 0.2 -0.8 Belgium 6.2 0.0 0.3 -4.4 9.2 -6.8 Bulgaria 0.6 0.9 1.3 -0.9 -0.3 -1.6 Czechia -0.8 1.8 -0.5 -0.4 -1.8 1.5 Denmark 7.9 -5.5 -5.2 7.2 -4.2 4.0 Germany -3.0 3.1 -2.5 -0.5 1.5 -2.9 Estonia -4.7 1.7 1.0 1.6 2.7 0.5 Ireland 2.5 1.8 -5.4 5.7 -4.6 8.2 Greece 2.1 -4.4 -2.6 0.8 1.7 2.6 Spain -0.5 -0.3 1.0 0.9 -1.5 1.4 France 0.2 0.8 -0.7 -0.4 0.1 -0.4 Croatia 5.9 -3.9 4.0 -2.7 -1.7 6.3 Italy -1.0 0.0 -0.4 0.0 0.3 -3.1 Cyprus -1.7 -0.5 0.0 0.9 -2.8 3.7 Latvia 1.2 1.2 -1.4 0.5 -1.1 -1.6 Lithuania 0.2 2.1 1.0 -4.5 3.9 2.2 Luxembourg 0.3 -6.3 6.3 -1.4 -0.8 6.7 Hungary 0.0 -0.5 -0.6 1.5 -1.1 -1.8 Malta -4.2 2.1 4.2 -0.8 8.2 3.5 Netherlands -0.9 1.8 -2.4 0.5 1.5 -1.0 Austria 0.5 -0.6 -0.8 -2.0 -0.5 -3.3 Poland -0.4 -0.8 -0.5 3.5 -1.4 -1.4 Portugal -0.4 -0.3 3.0 3.3 -3.6 -4.4 Romania -3.2 1.3 0.0 0.4 0.1 -1.2 Slovenia -2.9 -0.1 1.6 2.3 -1.8 1.2 Slovakia -2.1 1.4 0.6 0.8 -0.8 1.1 Finland 1.8 -0.9 -1.2 0.3 0.7 -1.8 Sweden 1.0 1.5 1.3 -1.4 2.1 4.5 Norway -5.4 -1.5 -11.1 9.7 0.2 -0.2 Switzerland 4.0 -6.3 0.5 : : : * Calendar and seasonally adjusted : Data not available Source dataset: sts_inpr_m Industrial production % change compared with same month of the previous year* 2024 Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Euro area Total industry -2.1 -0.4 -2.1 -1.0 -1.8 -2.0 Intermediate goods -4.3 -2.5 -4.0 -3.1 -2.4 -2.4 Energy 0.9 2.2 2.1 -0.3 0.0 0.5 Capital goods -3.7 -0.5 -5.8 -2.0 -3.0 -8.1 Durable consumer goods -4.8 -5.4 -3.1 -4.2 -0.3 -2.2 Non-durable consumer goods 2.6 1.7 5.7 3.7 0.1 8.3 EU Total industry -1.5 -0.1 -1.7 -0.5 -1.5 -1.7 Intermediate goods -3.9 -2.4 -3.5 -2.7 -1.8 -2.3 Energy 1.2 2.2 1.5 -0.9 0.3 0.6 Capital goods -4.0 -0.4 -5.1 -1.8 -2.8 -7.5 Durable consumer goods -4.2 -4.4 -2.7 -2.6 0.5 -1.8 Non-durable consumer goods 4.4 2.9 5.1 4.3 0.5 8.2 * Calendar adjusted Source dataset: sts_inpr_m Industrial production % change compared with same month of the previous year* 2024 Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Euro area -2.1 -0.4 -2.1 -1.0 -1.8 -2.0 EU -1.5 -0.1 -1.7 -0.5 -1.5 -1.7 Belgium 0.1 4.2 5.5 -5.4 10.3 -3.8 Bulgaria -2.6 -3.0 1.2 -1.5 2.4 -3.9 Czechia -1.9 1.7 1.7 -2.1 -2.7 -3.0 Denmark 20.7 12.9 6.3 11.7 1.5 3.4 Germany -5.8 -2.7 -4.2 -4.4 -3.0 -4.0 Estonia -5.8 -6.0 -1.6 0.0 -0.1 -4.3 Ireland 7.3 11.2 -0.6 15.1 -5.0 10.1 Greece 10.5 3.7 2.5 -2.7 3.2 5.9 Spain -0.9 -1.5 0.7 3.0 -1.0 2.6 France -0.9 0.8 -0.6 -0.8 -1.0 -1.3 Croatia 1.6 -1.9 0.8 -1.8 -6.3 5.4 Italy -3.3 -3.2 -3.9 -3.5 -1.6 -7.1 Cyprus 2.3 1.4 -0.2 2.1 -4.2 3.1 Latvia 1.6 0.6 -2.0 -1.8 -4.2 -6.0 Lithuania 6.1 5.5 5.1 0.4 5.2 7.6 Luxembourg -1.5 -10.1 0.4 -2.5 -2.6 1.4 Hungary -6.5 -4.1 -5.2 -3.7 -2.7 -6.4 Malta -0.3 2.2 5.8 6.1 15.0 14.4 Netherlands -3.1 0.8 -1.9 -0.3 1.7 -2.5 Austria -2.0 -2.8 -3.4 -4.7 -4.8 -9.5 Poland 1.3 -0.5 -1.3 3.0 0.9 -1.4 Portugal -3.0 -1.9 2.5 3.8 -2.5 -5.6 Romania -4.0 -2.0 -3.8 -1.0 -0.7 -3.6 Slovenia -1.6 6.0 -0.6 3.2 -1.9 1.9 Slovakia 5.2 1.0 2.3 1.0 -0.1 -0.1 Finland 5.7 2.2 1.2 1.0 2.2 1.7 Sweden -2.2 -1.0 1.9 -1.8 0.8 5.6 Norway 10.0 5.9 -0.5 2.1 0.4 0.3 Switzerland 10.8 -0.4 -0.8 : : : * Calendar adjusted : Data not available Source dataset: sts_inpr_m Production indices for total industry, calendar and seasonally adjusted (base year 2021) 2024 Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Euro area 96.5 97.7 96.2 96.4 96.8 95.7 EU 98.3 99.2 97.8 98.3 98.5 97.7 Belgium 91.9 91.9 92.2 88.1 96.2 89.7 Bulgaria 99.8 100.7 102.0 101.1 100.8 99.2 Czechia 98.4 100.2 99.7 99.3 97.5 99.0 Denmark 142.3 134.5 127.5 136.7 131.0 136.2 Germany 90.8 93.6 91.3 90.8 92.2 89.5 Estonia 81.6 83.0 83.8 85.1 87.4 87.8 Ireland 105.8 107.7 101.9 107.7 102.7 111.1 Greece 115.0 109.9 107.0 107.9 109.7 112.6 Spain 100.6 100.3 101.3 102.2 100.7 102.1 France 100.5 101.3 100.6 100.2 100.3 99.9 Croatia 102.0 98.0 101.9 99.1 97.4 103.5 Italy 94.3 94.3 93.9 93.9 94.2 91.3 Cyprus 107.2 106.7 106.7 107.7 104.7 108.6 Latvia 93.5 94.6 93.3 93.8 92.8 91.3 Lithuania 102.8 105.0 106.1 101.3 105.3 107.6 Luxembourg 90.5 84.8 90.1 88.8 88.1 94.0 Hungary 96.4 95.9 95.3 96.7 95.6 93.9 Malta 108.4 110.7 115.3 114.4 123.8 128.1 Netherlands 100.3 102.1 99.6 100.1 101.6 100.6 Austria 102.0 101.4 100.6 98.6 98.1 94.9 Poland 110.3 109.4 108.9 112.7 111.1 109.5 Portugal 94.3 94.0 96.8 100.0 96.4 92.2 Romania 95.3 96.5 96.5 96.9 97.0 95.8 Slovenia 93.3 93.2 94.7 96.9 95.2 96.3 Slovakia 97.7 99.1 99.7 100.5 99.7 100.8 Finland 103.6 102.7 101.5 101.8 102.5 100.7 Sweden 100.3 101.8 103.1 101.7 103.8 108.5 Norway 107.2 105.6 93.9 103.0 103.2 103.0 Switzerland 115.6 108.3 108.8 : : : : Data not available Source dataset: sts_inpr_m Production indices for total industry, calendar adjusted (base year 2021) 2024 Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Euro area 98.0 83.0 101.4 102.0 103.3 92.2 EU 98.1 85.4 102.7 104.0 104.8 94.4 Belgium 86.2 84.0 97.0 94.1 98.4 88.0 Bulgaria 103.1 98.6 102.7 106.0 104.9 101.7 Czechia 88.1 93.6 103.3 105.2 105.7 92.4 Denmark 129.8 131.0 130.1 139.6 135.8 138.3 Germany 90.5 86.1 95.5 93.4 98.7 85.7 Estonia 72.5 81.1 86.2 90.6 91.0 84.6 Ireland 111.7 94.0 124.3 124.6 126.3 113.3 Greece 128.4 104.1 109.0 106.4 106.3 113.0 Spain 104.9 77.7 104.3 108.1 105.0 94.2 France 99.0 79.8 101.9 105.3 104.3 101.6 Croatia 109.0 84.7 106.1 106.6 100.3 100.4 Italy 103.8 64.0 99.7 102.5 98.9 80.0 Cyprus 121.5 89.6 112.2 110.1 102.1 110.3 Latvia 93.7 99.6 96.0 101.2 101.4 96.0 Lithuania 99.9 107.1 110.4 106.0 108.9 104.7 Luxembourg 89.2 71.3 91.9 94.2 90.3 88.0 Hungary 95.2 84.7 103.3 102.2 101.0 84.3 Malta 114.0 104.2 120.5 118.9 126.2 115.3 Netherlands 98.5 93.3 100.8 103.1 105.2 101.5 Austria 101.9 90.4 105.1 103.2 104.2 94.3 Poland 105.5 102.2 111.4 120.0 115.5 105.1 Portugal 100.7 79.4 98.3 101.5 100.4 84.0 Romania 96.4 88.0 98.7 101.9 101.8 91.1 Slovenia 93.5 78.2 97.8 102.2 99.5 86.6 Slovakia 88.6 90.7 100.4 109.7 105.8 90.8 Finland 91.2 100.3 105.1 106.6 106.3 109.4 Sweden 78.3 86.8 105.7 108.2 109.5 112.7 Norway 106.4 105.9 81.9 106.5 107.5 110.2 Switzerland 113.0 99.5 108.6 : : : : Data not available Source dataset: sts_inpr_m Notes for users Revisions and timetable Compared with data issued in the News Release of 15 January 2025, the monthly percentage change for November 2024 has been revised from +0.2% to +0.4% in the euro area and from +0.1% to +0.2% in the EU. The annual percentage change has been revised from -1.9% to -1.8% in the euro area and from -1.7% to -1.5% in the EU. Methods and definitions The index of industrial production measures the evolution of the volume of production for industry excluding construction, based on data adjusted for calendar and seasonal effects. Seasonally adjusted euro area and EU series are calculated by aggregating the seasonally adjusted national data. Total industry covers NACE rev.2 sections B to D. Missing observations from Member States for recent months are estimated for the calculation of the euro area and the EU aggregates. Starting with reference period January 2024, the base year of the data has been changed to 2021, since 2018 the base year had been 2015. More information on the reasons for and impact of the base year change can be found in the related Statistics Explained article. Geographical information The euro area (EA20) includes Belgium, Germany, Estonia, Ireland, Greece, Spain, France, Croatia, Italy, Cyprus, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Austria, Portugal, Slovenia, Slovakia and Finland. The European Union (EU27) includes Belgium, Bulgaria, Czechia, Denmark, Germany, Estonia, Ireland, Greece, Spain, France, Croatia, Italy, Cyprus, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Hungary, Malta, the Netherlands, Austria, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovenia, Slovakia, Finland and Sweden. For more information Database section on short-term business statistics Statistics Explained article on the industrial production index The weights of the Member States in the EU and euro area aggregates (see file Base year 2021 weights - Euro indicators releases) Euro indicators dashboard Release calendar for Euro indicators European Statistics Code of Practice