Running bamboo is notoriously fast spreading and difficult to remove. What keeps its population balanced in the wild, and prevents it from crowding out the competition? I tried googling, but was inundated with gardening advice, horror stories, and assault / offensive gardening (some of the latter two presumably covering the same incident from both sides). My google-fu failed, I couldn’t really find any info about natural population controls of running bamboo in the thicket of tall tales and gardening advice.
Bamboo isn’t a magic plant. It requires specific combinations of conditions to grow: the right soils, the right level of water and sunlight, temperatures within their preferred range.
Yes it’s a pain to eradicate when improperly planted and then ignored for long enough. But it’s just a plant that has specific needs like all plants do.
Limiting factors are the reason. If you put a person in a hole and gave them everything they needed to live, except water, they wouldn’t survive long, as an example.